Model Pemberdayaan Ibu Hamil dalam Upaya Pencegahan Stunting di Pulau Panggang Kepulauan Seribu

Abstract

Abstrak

Stunting dapat terjadi sebelum kelahiran dan disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang sangat kurang saat masa kehamilan, pola asuh makan yang sangat kurang, rendahnya kualitas makanan sejalan dengan frekuensi infeksi sehingga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian untukmenghasilkan model pemberdayaan ibu hamil dalam pencegahan stunting pada bayi baru lahir. Metode penelitian pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu hamil seluruh ibu hamil yang berada di wilayah Pulau Panggang Kepulauan Seribu sebanyak 76 orang. Penarikan sampel berdasarkan sampling jenuh, instrumen penelitian mengguakan kuesioner, dan metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil penelitian diperoleh model pemberdayaan yang terbentuk terdiri dari ada pengaruh langsung pemberdayaan ibu hamil dari kepemimpinan kepala desa (14,68%), peran bidan (23,57%) dan peran suami (41,86%). Model penelitian mampu menjelaskan variabilitas data sebesar 99,20%, sedangkan 0,80% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak dikaji dalam penelitian ini. Saran peneliti, diharapkan peran suami lebih vital dalam memberikan sumber pangan bergizi untuk memastikan kebutuhan nutrisi ibu hamil terpenuhi, memastikan kebersihan lingkungan dan sanitasi di rumahnya agar tidak terkena infeksi, dan memberikan dukungan emosional kepada ibu hamil dengan menemani ibu melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan.  

Abstract

Stunting can occur before birth and is caused by very inadequate nutritional intake during pregnancy, very poor parenting patterns, low quality of food in line with the frequency of infections so that it can inhibit growth. The research objective was to produce a model for empowering pregnant women in preventing stunting in newborns. The research method is a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population was pregnant women, all pregnant women who were in the Panggang Island area of the Seribu Islands, totaling 76 people. Sampling was based on saturated sampling, the research instrument used a questionnaire, and the analytical method used was the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results showed that the empowerment model formed consisted of a direct influence on the empowerment of pregnant women from the leadership of the village head (14.68%), the role of the midwife (23.57%) and the role of the husband (41.86%). The research model is able to explain the variability of the data by 99.20%, while 0.80% is explained by other variables not examined in this study. Researchers suggest that it is hoped that the husband's role is more vital in providing nutritious food sources to ensure that the nutritional needs of pregnant women are met, ensuring environmental cleanliness and sanitation in the house so that they do not get infected, and providing emotional support to pregnant women by accompanying the mother for pregnancy checks.